Spring的两种依赖注入方式:setter注入与构造方法注入,这两种方法的不同主要就是在xml文件下对应使用property和constructor-arg属性, 例如:
property属性:<property name="id" value="123"></property>(其中name的值为原类中的属性名)
constructor-arg属性:<constructor-arg index="0" value="456"></constructor-arg>(其中index的值为0~n-1,n代表构造函数中的输入参数的数量)
1.setter方法注入
setter方法注入即是创建一个普通的JavaBean类,为需要注入的属性通过对应的setter方法即可,如:
(1)创建一个Id类:
package com.loster.li;
public class Id {
private int id;
private String name;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
(2)创建配置文件Id_Bean.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="id" class="com.loster.li.Id">
<property name="id" value="123"></property>
<property name="name" value="xiaoli"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
(3)编写测试类IdTest.java,并运行:
package com.loster.li;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class IdTest {
public static void main(String[] args){
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/loster/li/Id_Bean.xml");
Id id = (Id)context.getBean("id");
System.out.println(id.getId());
System.out.println(id.getName());
}
}
运行结果如下:

2.构造方法注入
(1)将上面的Id.class修改为:
package com.loster.li;
public class Id {
private int id;
private String name;
public Id(int id,String name){
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
(2)将上面的Id_Bean.xml修改为:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="id" class="com.loster.li.Id">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="456"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg index="1" value="dawang"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
</beans>
(3)再次运行IdTest.java,运行结果如下: