首先说明,由于是8版本的数据库,所以配置类的写法上与5版本的有所区别,需要注意,同时用idea或eclipse时需要导入jar包,jar包的下载链接:
https://dev.mysql.com/get/archives/mysql-connector-java-8.0/mysql-connector-java-8.0.28.zip
如果想要下载8版本不同的jar包只需要修改8.0.28为指定版本即可。
idea导入jar包的方法如下:





然后是代码部分,首先先建表:
CREATETABLE `train_message` (
`id`intNOTNULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT'主键id',
`train_name`varchar(20)NOTNULL COMMENT'列车名',
`origin`varchar(30)NOTNULL COMMENT'始发地',
`terminal`varchar(30)NOTNULL COMMENT'终到地',
`departure_time`timestampNOTNULL COMMENT'出站时间',
`state`varchar(10)CHARACTERSET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ciNOTNULLDEFAULT'正常' COMMENT'列车状态',PRIMARYKEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=9DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3
然后创建连接的配置类DbConfig.java,localhost是本机的ip地址,如果有服务器就填服务器的ip地址,message是数据库的名字,这里一张图说下有很多新手误解的名字


import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.DriverManager;import java.sql.SQLException;/**
* 数据库配置类
*@author 景苒*/publicclass DbConfig {public Connection dbConfig()throws SQLException {try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
}catch (Exception e) {
System.out.print("加载驱动失败!");
e.printStackTrace();
}
String url= "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/message?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true";
String user= "root";
String password= "123456";return DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
}
}
然后写下主函数Main.java,这里主函数的函数体可以在最后再写,需要什么功能就把注释打开就好,快捷注释的方法,选中这句话,按ctrl加/,就能全注释了。
import java.sql.SQLException;/**
* 主函数,调用功能
*@author 景苒*/publicclass Main {publicstaticvoid main(String[] args)throws SQLException {// new GetMessage().getMessage();// new UpdateTrainState().updateTrainState();// new InsertTrain().insertTrain();// new GetNumber().getNumber(); }
}
然后是每个的功能:
1.查询沈阳到武汉的所有列车信息,按出发时间先后排序
建GetMessage.java类
import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.PreparedStatement;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.SQLException;/**
* 查询沈阳到武汉的所有列车信息,按出发时间先后排序
*@author 景苒*/publicclass GetMessage {publicvoid getMessage()throws SQLException {
Connection con=new DbConfig().dbConfig();
String sql= "select * from `train_message` where origin = ? and terminal = ? ORDER BY departure_time ASC";
String origin= "沈阳";
String terminal= "武汉";
PreparedStatement ps= con.prepareStatement(sql);
ps.setString(1, origin);
ps.setString(2, terminal);
ResultSet rs= ps.executeQuery();try {while (rs.next()) {
System.out.println("列车名:" + rs.getString("train_name")+ " 始发站:" + rs.getString("origin")+ " 终到站:" + rs.getString("terminal")+ " 出发时间:" + rs.getString("departure_time")+ " 列车状态:" + rs.getString("state"));
}
}catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
ps.close();
con.close();
}
}
}
2.修改T2255列车的状态为停运
建UpdateTrainState.java类
import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.SQLException;import java.sql.Statement;/**
* 修改T2255列车的状态为停运
*@author 景苒*/publicclass UpdateTrainState {publicvoid updateTrainState()throws SQLException {
Connection con=new DbConfig().dbConfig();
String sql= "UPDATE `train_message` SET state = '停运' WHERE train_name = 'T2255'";
Statement statement= con.createStatement();try {int i = statement.executeUpdate(sql);if (i > 0) {
System.out.println("更新成功");
}else {
System.out.println("更新失败");
}
}catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
statement.close();
con.close();
}
}
}
3.新增一辆列车信息(自己输入)
建InsertTrain.java类
import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.PreparedStatement;import java.sql.SQLException;import java.util.Scanner;/**
* 新增一辆列车信息(自己输入)
* 始发时间为timestamp类型,输入时需要确保格式正确,如:2019-01-01 00:00:00
*@author 景苒*/publicclass InsertTrain {publicvoid insertTrain()throws SQLException {
Connection con=new DbConfig().dbConfig();
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
String sql= "insert into `train_message` values(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, default)";
System.out.print("请输入列车名:");
String trainName= scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("请输入始发站:");
String origin= scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("请输入终到站:");
String terminal= scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("请输入始发时间:");
String departureTime= scanner.nextLine();
PreparedStatement ps= con.prepareStatement(sql);
ps.setString(1, trainName);
ps.setString(2, origin);
ps.setString(3, terminal);
ps.setString(4, departureTime);try {int i = ps.executeUpdate();if (i > 0) {
System.out.println("添加成功");
}else {
System.out.println("添加失败");
}
}catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
ps.close();
con.close();
}
}
}
4.查询状态为正常的列车数量
建GetNumber.java类
import java.sql.Statement;/**
* 查询状态为正常的列车数量
*@author 景苒*/publicclass GetNumber {publicvoid getNumber()throws SQLException {
Connection con=new DbConfig().dbConfig();
String sql= "select count(state) from `train_message` where state = '正常'";
Statement statement= con.createStatement();try {
ResultSet resultSet= statement.executeQuery(sql);while (resultSet.next()) {
System.out.println("状态为正常的列车数量为:" + resultSet.getInt(1));
}
}catch (SQLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
statement.close();
con.close();
}
}
}
最后附上navicat的属性结构图和样例插入的语句


数据根据自己需求自行写入几个就行,以上就是java连接mysql数据库的实例代码,eclipse也大同小异,就导入jar包的方式不同。
正文完