如何使用正则表达式验证IP地址

IP地址正则表达式模式

^([01]?\\d\\d?|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])\\.([01]?\\d\\d?|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])\\.
([01]?\\d\\d?|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])\\.([01]?\\d\\d?|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])$

描述

^		#start of the line
 (		#  start of group #1
   [01]?\\d\\d? #    Can be one or two digits. If three digits appear, it must start either 0 or 1
		#    e.g ([0-9], [0-9][0-9],[0-1][0-9][0-9])
    |		#    ...or
   2[0-4]\\d	#    start with 2, follow by 0-4 and end with any digit (2[0-4][0-9]) 
    |           #    ...or
   25[0-5]      #    start with 2, follow by 5 and ends with 0-5 (25[0-5]) 
 )		#  end of group #2
  \.            #  follow by a dot "."
....            # repeat with 3 times (3x)
$		#end of the line

整个组合表示从0到255的数字，后跟点“。”，重复4次并以点“。”结尾。 有效的IP地址格式为“ 0-255.0-255.0-255.0-255”。

1. Java正则表达式示例

package com.mkyong.regex;

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
public class IPAddressValidator{
	
    private Pattern pattern;
    private Matcher matcher;
 
    private static final String IPADDRESS_PATTERN = 
		"^([01]?\\d\\d?|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])\\." +
		"([01]?\\d\\d?|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])\\." +
		"([01]?\\d\\d?|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])\\." +
		"([01]?\\d\\d?|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])$";
	  
    public IPAddressValidator(){
	  pattern = Pattern.compile(IPADDRESS_PATTERN);
    }
	  
   /**
    * Validate ip address with regular expression
    * @param ip ip address for validation
    * @return true valid ip address, false invalid ip address
    */
    public boolean validate(final String ip){		  
	  matcher = pattern.matcher(ip);
	  return matcher.matches();	    	    
    }
}

2.符合的IP地址：

1.“ 1.1.1.1”，“ 255.255.255.255”，“ 192.168.1.1”，
2.“ 10.10.1.1”，“ 132.254.111.10”，“ 26.10.2.10”，
3.“ 127.0.0.1”

3. IP地址不匹配：

1.“ 10.10.10” –必须为4“。”
2.“ 10.10” –必须为4“。”
3.“ 10” –必须为4“。”
4.“ aaaa” –仅允许数字
5.“ 10.0.0.a” –仅允许数字
6.“ 10.10.10.256” –数字必须介于[0-255]之间
7.“ 222.222.2.999” –数字必须介于[0-255]之间
8.“ 999.10.10.20” –数字必须介于[0-255]之间
9.“ 2222.22.22.22” –数字必须介于[0-255]之间
10.“ 22.2222.22.2” –数字必须介于[0-255]之间

4.单元测试

package com.mkyong.regex;

import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.*;
 
/**
 * IPAddress validator Testing
 * @author mkyong
 *
 */
public class IPAddressValidatorTest {
 
	private IPAddressValidator ipAddressValidator;
    
	@BeforeClass
        public void initData(){
		ipAddressValidator = new IPAddressValidator();
        }
    
	@DataProvider
	public Object[][] ValidIPAddressProvider() {
		return new Object[][]{
		   new Object[] {"1.1.1.1"},new Object[] {"255.255.255.255"},
                   new Object[] {"192.168.1.1"},new Object[] {"10.10.1.1"},
                   new Object[] {"132.254.111.10"},new Object[] {"26.10.2.10"},
		   new Object[] {"127.0.0.1"}
		};
	}
	
	@DataProvider
	public Object[][] InvalidIPAddressProvider() {
		return new Object[][]{
		   new Object[] {"10.10.10"},new Object[] {"10.10"},
                   new Object[] {"10"},new Object[] {"a.a.a.a"},
                   new Object[] {"10.0.0.a"},new Object[] {"10.10.10.256"},
		   new Object[] {"222.222.2.999"},new Object[] {"999.10.10.20"},
                   new Object[] {"2222.22.22.22"},new Object[] {"22.2222.22.2"},
                   new Object[] {"10.10.10"},new Object[] {"10.10.10"},	
		};
	}
	
	@Test(dataProvider = "ValidIPAddressProvider")
	public void ValidIPAddressTest(String ip) {
		   boolean valid = ipAddressValidator.validate(ip);
		   System.out.println("IPAddress is valid : " + ip + " , " + valid);
		   Assert.assertEquals(true, valid);
	}
	
	@Test(dataProvider = "InvalidIPAddressProvider",
                 dependsOnMethods="ValidIPAddressTest")
	public void InValidIPAddressTest(String ip) {
		   boolean valid = ipAddressValidator.validate(ip);
		   System.out.println("IPAddress is valid : " + ip + " , " + valid);
		   Assert.assertEquals(false, valid); 
	}	
}

5.单元测试–结果

IPAddress is valid : 1.1.1.1 , true
IPAddress is valid : 255.255.255.255 , true
IPAddress is valid : 192.168.1.1 , true
IPAddress is valid : 10.10.1.1 , true
IPAddress is valid : 132.254.111.10 , true
IPAddress is valid : 26.10.2.10 , true
IPAddress is valid : 127.0.0.1 , true
IPAddress is valid : 10.10.10 , false
IPAddress is valid : 10.10 , false
IPAddress is valid : 10 , false
IPAddress is valid : a.a.a.a , false
IPAddress is valid : 10.0.0.a , false
IPAddress is valid : 10.10.10.256 , false
IPAddress is valid : 222.222.2.999 , false
IPAddress is valid : 999.10.10.20 , false
IPAddress is valid : 2222.22.22.22 , false
IPAddress is valid : 22.2222.22.2 , false
PASSED: ValidIPAddressTest([Ljava.lang.String;@1d4c61c)
PASSED: InValidIPAddressTest([Ljava.lang.String;@116471f)

===============================================
    com.mkyong.regex.IPAddressValidatorTest
    Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

===============================================
mkyong
Total tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

参考

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_address

翻译自: https://mkyong.com/regular-expressions/how-to-validate-ip-address-with-regular-expression/